Theocratic emirate | |
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Formation | 15 August 2021 4 April 2009 (First Islamic Emirate) 19 August 1919 (independence) | (current form)
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Guiding document | 1998 dastur |
Country | Afghanistan |
Website | alemarahenglish |
Leadership | |
Head of state | Supreme Leader |
Deputy head of state | Deputy Leader |
Meeting place | Kandahar |
Executive | |
Head of government | Prime Minister |
Main body | Council of Ministers |
Deputy head of government | Deputy Prime Minister(s) |
Appointed by | Supreme Leader |
Headquarters | Arg, Kabul |
Departments | Ministries |
Judiciary | |
Court | Supreme Court |
Chief Justice | Chief Justice of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan |
Seat | Supreme Court Building, Kabul |
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The government of Afghanistan, officially called the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is the central government of Afghanistan, a unitary state. Under the leadership of the Taliban, the government is a theocracy and an emirate with political power concentrated in the hands of a supreme leader and his clerical advisors, collectively referred to as the Leadership. The Leadership makes all major policy decisions behind closed doors, which are then implemented by the country's civil service and judiciary. As Afghanistan is an Islamic state, governance is based on Sharia law and Pashtunwali, which the Taliban enforces strictly through extensive social and cultural policy.
Over its history, Afghanistan has variously been governed as a monarchy, a republic, and a theocracy. The current theocratic government came to power in 2021 with the United States-led coalitions withdrawal after a twenty-year insurgency against the western-backed Islamic Republic, after having itself been ousted in 2001.
The current government is internationally unrecognized and lacks a clear constitutional basis, though the Taliban announced plans in January 2022 to form a constitutional commission. Instead, the government applies an interpretation of Sharia law. There is no separation of powers, with total authority vested in the Leadership.[1][2] The government is criticized by international observers for totalitarianism,[3] systemic human rights violations, as well as for being unaccountable, opaque, and exclusive of women, religious and ethnic minorities, and those with dissenting views. Since coming to power, it has grappled with an economic crisis, international isolation, terrorism and rebellion, and a string of natural disasters.
Afghanistan is now controlled by a militant group that operates out of a totalitarian ideology.
In other words, the centralized political and governance institutions of the former republic were unaccountable enough that they now comfortably accommodate the totalitarian objectives of the Taliban without giving the people any chance to resist peacefully.
The Taliban government currently installed in Afghanistan is not simply another dictatorship. By all standards, it is a totalitarian regime.
As with any other ideological movement, the Taliban's Islamic government is transformative and totalitarian in nature.
In the Taliban's totalitarian Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, there is no meaningful political inclusivity or representation for Hazaras at any level.
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